Tuesday, July 8, 2014

On Being Liberal


I realize that my blog is screamingly Liberal, Libertarian, and about as Left as you can go. I fully acknowledge this, and make no pretensions to being neutral as far as politics are concerned. I am confident that I have very good reasons for my beliefs, and when I talk about politics, it's not simply a statement of belief, but rather a slightly editorialized analysis of the facts that I have spent the better part of my life poring over. Social theory is pretty much what I'm all about, and politics, when you boil it down, is really just social theory. So, while everyone is entitled to their political opinion, I think it's fair to say that people who have taken the time to research human psychology and social theory should be taken a little more seriously when talking about politics than people who have not.

I have of course heard the argument that Psychology and Sociology are “soft sciences”, and as such do not tell us anything concrete about how the real world works, but to be blunt, this is usually said by people who have never studied either, and thus have no idea what they're talking about. The social sciences, like any field in science, develop hypotheses based on observations, and then refines these hypotheses over time by conducting tests and gathering real, quantifiable data. While it is difficult to peer inside the human mind with perfect accuracy, we can understand a great deal about what motivates us, what makes us happy, what promotes our well-being in the long term, and these are not trivial questions. These are the type of questions we should be asking if we really care about improving the society we live in, and we should hold politicians accountable when they don't bother to ask these questions, or fail to listen when science provides them with answers. The solutions that are offered by the social sciences do, in fact, provide measurable positive results when applied to the real world, and so allowing ideology to trump sociology is, to me, both unforgivable and irresponsible.

Liberalism is, to me, simply associated with a higher level of scientific literacy, and a better familiarity with the facts. Facts matter - this is just the way the universe works. The world cares little for what we want, but ideology still plays a large role in politics – we vote for the person who makes us feel better, or says the things we want to hear, or who agrees with our opinions. Instead of examining the issues, the facts that surround them, and the interpretation of the facts that shape the platforms of each party, many voters just vote the same way they always have, assuming that their party will get its facts straight. This is, sadly, not always the case. I would go so far as to say it is not even often the case. An extreme example is the Tea Party in the US, which repeatedly uses talking points that are just factually incorrect. They just make things up out of thin air sometimes, because they know that their voter base will not bother to check facts. While this is not quite as pronounced in other countries, it does happen all the time, and if the public made an effort to be better informed, these parties would quickly be out of business. When one jettisons ideology, what one is left with is utilitarianism. What works and what doesn't become the driving questions, and as far as I'm concerned, this is all that politics should concern itself with. Full stop.

It might help at this point to define our terms. Saying 'left' and 'right' can mean different things to different people, so let's clarify exactly what I mean. While there are certain policies that have been claimed by both sides of the political spectrum over the decades, it is nonetheless fair to say that certain policies have been characteristic of each side of the political spectrum in general. As I've mentioned, the left is known for being socially liberal, exemplified by Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau's famous quote: “The state has no business in the bedrooms of the nation.” The right, in contrast, often feels compelled to use the machinery of government to impose social mores. The left, typically, believes in the utility of social institutions, and will fund them as such. The right typically does neither, assuming that the market will fill whatever functions that society requires of it. The left sees social spending as an investment, one that will pay large future dividends. The right tends to ridicule such expenditures as wastes of taxpayer money, and promotes austerity as 'financial responsibility'. The left is focused on the priorities of the lower and middle classes and of individuals, while the right consistently demonstrates how it favors the rich, and the well-being of businesses over the well-being of individuals. None of these statements should be controversial – they are based on the sorts of bills that left and right parties try to pass and on the actions that their politicians take when elected – but it's amazing how confused these issues can become, given how often politicians will say one thing and then do another. To be fair, this happens across the political spectrum, and while I tend to agree more with the platforms put forth by the left, greater accountability would be something that could benefit every political party on Earth. In the end, they have to be judged by what they do, not what they say, and then held accountable if they do something irresponsible.

Now, I think it's worth stepping back and taking a look at the social policies from either end of the political spectrum over the past fifty years, and simply analyzing how well these have played out respectively. Since many of these policies are interrelated, for simplicity I'll divide them into two broader categories: Social Mores, and Social Investment. No ideology, just the facts, what works and what doesn't.

1. Social Mores: There are several areas where social norms have been debated hotly between the right and left, but the top two are most likely sex and drug use. In areas with more liberal policies toward sex, that allow certain forms of prostitution, access to pornography, and so forth, the cases of rape and sexually transmitted disease tend to decrease, and do so dramatically when paired with comprehensive sexual education. In contrast, the more conservative policies that restrict the sex trade simply tend to drive it underground, and where sex education is stigmatized, teenage pregnancies and disease both skyrocket, because people are just too ill-equipped to protect themselves. Abstinence is simply an unrealistic expectation to have of a highly sexually motivated species like our own, and when it is forcibly imposed due to some antiquated cultural stigma, the results are unsurprisingly disappointing. The Drug War also proves how disastrous it is to try and dictate private behaviour – people generally do what they want to do, and trying to force them to act a certain way only breeds resentment, while wasting a lot of money in the process. In areas that have treated drug use as a public health issue, favoring education and prevention over criminalization, rates of abuse have decreased, while governments have saved millions of dollars in tax revenue. In places where the sale of soft drugs like marijuana is taxable, the government actually sees a huge boom in tax income, that can be invested in any number of beneficial social programs. I think, in terms of social mores, the practical advantages of the liberal position should be obvious. On the right many people seem to vote for restrictive policies because they feel it's the "right thing to do", but ironically, these sort of policies lead to even more unnecessary suffering. 

2. Social Investment: In countries that invest in education, the result, shockingly, is a better educated population. This, in turn, has allowed these countries to pull ahead economically, as their citizens can compete globally for jobs on the cutting edge, and often bring that experience back to their home countries later in life, where they reinvest this knowledge. The same “butterfly effect” has been demonstrated with other social programs as well, with dollars invested generating huge returns down the line. Well-managed government programs have demonstrated their effectiveness in managing public health, stimulating small business growth, reducing poverty, and any number of other areas. Conversely, when such national institutions are privatized, the result is equally consistent – corporations, driven by the bottom line, are motivated to cut corners, and as such the quality of such services decreases, often dramatically. Competition, which is supposed to facilitate quality control in the free market, does not work when large corporations are given monopolistic control and a captive market. “Trickle-down”, a theory from the right, in which society helps subsidize the rich so that they may “create jobs”, is now largely proven to be nonsense. In the real world, quite the opposite proves true; investment in the individual, such as a strong minimum wage and strong social support for those who are struggling, creates a stable base for the economy. Workers with more stability and income tend to spend more, which fuels new and existing businesses, allowing business owners and the more wealthy to flourish as well. As it happens, the economy works better when fueled from the bottom up than the top down. Austerity measures, when enforced, choke off this flow of capital through the economy, and for a policy that has so often been put forth, is remarkably ineffective. This is not theory – this is just what happens, and the data shows this very clearly.


This, in a nutshell, is the liberal position, at least as I see it. It's not that we are dogmatic in our beliefs (at least not for the most part), they simply make the most sense, given the available information. The key difference, I think, is the ability on the left to change opinion based on new information. While this ability is not exclusive to the left by any means, I have noticed that it is weighted quite heavily in that direction. I suppose in writing this, my goal is to appeal to those on the right that carry this trait, and who simply vote the way they do out of habit. I would ask you to expose yourself to the facts, and simply be objective about what works, what doesn't, and which policies actually offer the most realistic hope for a better future.